• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    537 893 SUMMARY Iron-based metallurgical powders comprising vanadium are described, as well as compacted articles made therefrom. These articles have improved mechanical properties.
    公开号:SE537893C2
    申请号:SE1351156
    申请日:2012-03-29
    公开日:2015-11-10
    发明作者:Christopher T Schade；Bruce Lindsley；Thomas Murphy；Wing-Hong Chen
    申请人:Hoeganaes Corp；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [1] This application claims priority from U.S. Pat. provisional application no. 61 / 472,262, filed April 6, 2011, which infOrlivas hari in its entirety.
    [2] The invention relates to improved powder metallurgical compositions comprising vanadium.
    [3] Powder metallurgical compositions gain Okad use for the manufacture of metal parts. Thus, there is a need for improved compositions that provide sintered parts' Rad half-strength, without adversely affecting the properties of the sintered part.
    [4] The present invention relates to metallurgical powder compositions comprising at least 90% of iron-based metallurgical powder, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition; and at least one additive which is a pre-alloy comprising vanadium; The total vanadium content of the composition is about 0.05% to about 1.0% by weight of the composition. Methods of making these compositions and compacted articles made using these compositions are also described.
    [5] FIG. 1 shows a comparison of tensile strength as a function of the sintering temperature for an embodiment of the invention comprising ANCORSTEEL 30HP + 0.7% by weight graphite + Fe-V alloy (80% vanadium).
    [6] FIG. 2 shows a comparison of tensile strength as a function of the sintering temperature of an embodiment of the invention comprising ANCORSTEEL 30HP + 0.7% by weight graphite + Fe-V-Si alloy (5% vanadium, 19% silicon)
    [7] FIG. 3 shows a comparison of sintered stretcher in embodiments comprising (I) ANCORSTEEL 30 HP + Fe-V-Si pre-alloy (varying amounts V are depicted along the upper x-axis) + 0.7% by weight of graphite; (.) ANCORSTEEL 30 HP + Fe-V alloy 1 537 893 (varying amounts V are depicted along the upper x-axis) + 0.7 wt% graphite; and (.) ANCORSTEEL HP (varying amounts of Mo are plotted along the lower x-axis) + 0.7 wt% graphite
    [8] FIG. 4 shows a comparison of heat treated tensile strength for embodiments comprising varying amounts of nickel and (N) ANCORSTEEL 1000B + 0.7% by weight graphite + 3.5% by weight Fe-V-Si pre-alloy (5% vanadium, 19% silicon); (,) ANCORSTEEL 1000B + 0.7 wt% graphite + 0.2 wt% Fe-V alloy (80% vanadium); and (.) ANCORSTEEL 1000B + 0.7 wt% graphite
    [9] FIG. 5 shows a comparison of tensile strength and elongation of varying amounts of carbon with ANCORSTEEL 30 HP versus ANCORSTEEL 30 HP + Fe-V-Si alloy, an embodiment of the invention 100101 FIG. 6 shows the shelf life of ANCORSTEEL 30HP, 50HP, and 85HP compared to ANCORSTEEL 30HP + 0.16% by weight of vanadium, an embodiment of the invention
    [11] FIG. 7A shows the microstructure of Fe + 0.3% by weight Mo + 0.65% carbon (sintered) FIG. 7B shows the microstructure of Fe + 0.3 wt% Mo + 0.3 wt% vanadium + 0.65% carbon (sintered), an embodiment of the invention
    [13] FIG. 8A shows grain size of Fe-0.3 wt% Mo-0.7 wt% graphite (heat treated), an embodiment of the invention
    [14] FIG. 8B shows grain size of Fe-0.3 wt% Mo-0.7 wt% graphite 0.14 wt% V (heat treated), an embodiment of the invention DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS
    [15] Iron-based compositions which may include vanadium have been previously described in, for example, U.S. Pat. patent no. 5,782,954; 5,484,469; 5,217,683; 5,154,881; 5,108,493; and International Publications WO 10/107372 and WO 09/085000. However, it has now been discovered that when vanadium is mixed into the compositions in the amounts and forms described, significant and unexpected improvements are transferred to the properties of metal parts produced from such compositions.
    [16] More specifically, it has now been discovered that the addition of vanadium (V) to iron-based metallurgical powders in the amounts described has, and most preferably in the form of a pre-alloy, improves the mechanical properties of the resulting compacted articles prepared using such iron-based powders. Within the scope of the invention, the iron-based metallurgical powder compositions comprise between about 0.05% by weight to about 1.0% by weight of vanadium, based on the weight of the iron-based metallurgical powder composition. Certain embodiments of the invention comprise between about 0.1% and about 0.5% by weight of vanadium, based on the weight of the jam-based metallurgical powder composition. Preferred embodiments of the invention comprise less than about 0.3% by weight of vanadium, based on the weight of the jam-based metallurgical powder composition. Typical embodiments of the invention comprise about 0.1 to about 0.2% by weight of vanadium, based on the weight of the jam-based metallurgical powder composition.
    [17] Vanadium can be added to jam-based powders to form the metallurgical powder compositions of the invention by any means or a combination of methods described herein. Vanadium can be added to jam-based powders in the form of at least one additive which is a pre-alloy comprising vanadium. As used in Uri, a "pre-alloy" additive according to the invention is prepared by melting the constituents of the additive to form a homogeneous melt and then atomizing the melt, the atomized droplets forming the pre-alloying additive in solidification Water atomization is a preferred atomizing alloy technique for producing , dven if other atomization techniques known in the art can also be used. It is contemplated that vanadium may be pre-alloyed with other metals intended for the metallurgical powder compositions of the invention. In certain embodiments of the invention, the additive comprises vanadium and at least one or more of jam, chromium, nickel, silicon, manganese, copper, carbon, boron and nitrogen. The additive preferably comprises vanadium and at least one or more of jam, chromium, nickel, silicon, manganese, copper, and carbon. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the additive is a pre-alloy comprising vanadium and jam (Fe). The additive may contain additional alloying substances which are intended for the final powder composition - that is to say, in general spray use, the additive may essentially consist of vanadium and jam - or the additive may be limited to vanadium and jam.
    [19] Additives which are pre-alloys comprising only Fe and V may include up to about 99% by weight of vanadium, based on the weight of the pre-alloy, the remainder comprising iron. Those skilled in the art can loft determine the amount of vanadium in a pre-alloy to be added to jam-based powder to produce the metallurgical powder compositions of the invention having the preselected amount of vanadium present in the total composition. Preferred embodiments of the Fe-V alloying additive comprise up to about 85% vanadium, based on the weight of the Fe-V alloying additive, the remainder comprising jam. Other embodiments of the Fe-V alloying additive comprise about 75% to about 80% vanadium, based on the weight of the Fe-V alloying additive, the remainder comprising jam. In still other embodiments of the invention, the Fe-V alloying additive comprises about 78% -80% vanadium, based on the weight of the Fe-V alloying additive. 3 537 893
    [20] The additive may also contain silicon silicon in addition to jam and vanadium (Fe-V-Si). Other metals intended for the metallurgical powder compositions of the invention may further be included in the Fe-V-Si pre-alloying additives of the invention. In some embodiments, the additive may therefore contain additional alloying elements intended for the final powder composition - the viii saga, in general parlance, the additive may consist essentially of vanadium, jam, and silicon - or the additive may be limited to vanadium, jam, and silicon.
    [21] Fe-V-Si pre-alloy additives according to the invention may comprise up to about 20% vanadium, based on the weight of the Fe-V-Si pre-alloy additive, the remainder being jam and silicon. Preferred Fe-V-Si pre-alloy additives according to the invention may comprise up to about 15% vanadium, based on the weight of the Fe-V-Si pre-alloy additive, the remainder being iron and silicon. Fe-VSi pre-alloy additives according to the invention may comprise between about 3% to about 10.5% vanadium, based on the weight of the Fe-V-Si pre-alloy additive, the remainder being jam and silicon. In other embodiments, the Fe-V-Si alloying additive may comprise between about 3% to about 7% vanadium, based on the weight of the alloying additive. Other Fe-V-Si alloy additives of the invention may comprise about 5% vanadium, based on the weight of the Fe-V-Si alloy additive.
    [22] Certain Fe-V-Si pre-alloy additives of the invention may comprise up to about 60% silicon, based on the weight of the Fe-V-Si pre-alloy additive. Some Fe-V-Si alloying additives of the invention may comprise up to about 45% silicon, based on the weight of the Fe-V-Si alloying additive. Some Fe-V-Si pre-alloy additives of the invention may comprise between about 17% and about 30% silicon, based on the weight of the Fe-V-Si pre-alloy additive. Some Fe-V-Si pre-alloy additives of the invention may comprise between about 17% and about 21% silicon, based on the weight of the Fe-V-Si pre-alloy additive. Other Fe-V-Si alloying additives of the invention may comprise about 19% silicon, based on the weight of the Fe-V-Si alloying additive.
    [23] Other metallic substances contemplated by the invention may also be present in the Fe-V and Fe-V-Si alloys described as long as the total vanadium content of the pre-alloy is as described.
    [24] The average particle size (d50, measured by techniques conventional in the art, including sight analysis and laser diffraction) of the additives of the invention may be up to about 70 micrometers or up to about 60 micrometers. Particularly preferred embodiments of the additive comprise such additives having a d50 less than or equal to about 20 micrometers, with about 20 micrometers as the preferred d50. In other embodiments, the d50 of the additive is less than or equal to about 15 micrometers. Other preferred embodiments include additives having a d 50 less than or equal to about 10 micrometers. Some 4,537,893 embodiments include additives having a d 50 less than or equal to 5 micrometers. Still other embodiments include additives having a d50 of about 2 micrometers.
    [25] Those skilled in the art can readily calculate the amount of additive needed to bring the total vanadium content of the metallurgical powder compositions of the invention to about 0.05% to about 1.0% by weight of the metallurgical powder composition. The additive is a minor component of the metallurgical powder compositions of the invention, typically present in amounts less than or equal to 20%, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition. For example, depending on the vanadium content of the additive, the metallurgical powder compositions of the invention may comprise about 0.2% to about 5% of the at least one additive, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition. In other embodiments, the metallurgical powder compositions of the invention may comprise about 0.2% to about 3.5% of the at least one additive, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition. Typical embodiments comprise about 3% of the at least one additive, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition.
    [26] In addition to additives in the form of a pre-alloy as described above, vanadium can be mixed into the metallurgical powder compositions of the invention by other forms of vanadium metal. A typical form of vanadium metal is vanadium pentoxide. Vanadium can also be mixed into the composition in the form of diffusion alloyed vanadium, for example diffusion alloyed with jam. It is also contemplated that vanadium may be deposited on the outside of a jam-based powder or deposited on the outside of an alloy of jam and other metallic substances such as molybdenum, nickel, or a combination of dry matter.
    [27] The metallurgical powder compositions of the invention also comprise a jam-based powder. The jam-based powders according to the invention differ from the pre-alloyed vanadium-containing additives described above and should not be construed as falling within the pre-alloyed additives described above. Metallurgical powder compositions according to the invention comprise at least 80% of cif jam-based powder, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition. The metallurgical powder compositions of the invention preferably comprise at least 90% of a jam-based powder, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition. In other embodiments, the metallurgical powder compositions of the invention comprise at least about 95% of a jam-based powder, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition. It is contemplated 537 893 that the mechanical properties of each article made from any of the jam-based powders would be favored by adding vanadium to the jam-based powder, using the methods described herein. The remaining weight% of the compositions may, in addition to the contents of the vanadium additives and / or the pre-alloy additives described, contain binders, lubricants, other pre-alloys, etc. commonly used in powder metallurgy.
    [28] Some embodiments of the invention use substantially pure jam powders which do not contain more than about 1.0% by weight, preferably not more than 0.5% by weight, of common impurities. Examples of such iron powders of metallurgical quality are the ANCORSTEEL 1000 series of pure iron powders, eg 1000, 1000B and 1000C, available from Hoeganaes Corporation, Cinnaminson, New Jersey. ANCORSTEEL 1000 jam powder has a typical visibility profile of 22% by weight of the particles under a No. 325 sieve (U.S. series) and about 10% by weight of the particles stone an No. 100 sieve with the remainder between these two sizes (savings amount stone an No. 60 sieve). The ANCORSTEEL 1000 powder has an average density of about 2.85-3.00 g / cm3, typically 2.94 g / cm3. Other iron powders used in the invention are typical iron mushroom powders, such as Hoeganaes ANCOR MH-100 powder.
    [29] The jam-based powders according to the invention may optionally contain one or more alloying elements which improve the mechanical and other properties of the final metal part. Sadana jam-based powders are powders of jam, preferably substantially pure jam, which have been pre-alloyed with one or more such substances. The pre-alloyed powders are prepared by Ora a substantially homogeneous melt of jam and the desired alloying elements, and then atomizing the melt, the atomized droplets forming the powder upon solidification. The melt mixture is atomized by conventional atomizing techniques, such as attenuation. In another embodiment, magnetic powders are prepared by first providing a metal-based powder, and then coating the powder with an alloy material.
    [30] Examples of alloying elements pre-alloyed with iron-based powders include, but are not limited to, molybdenum, manganese, magnesium, chromium, silicon, copper, nickel, columbium (niobium), graphite, phosphorus, titanium, aluminum, and dry compounds. . The amount of the alloying substance or substances which depends on the properties desired in the final composition. Typical iron-based powders that can be used to prepare the metallurgical powder compositions of the invention include those available from Hoeganaes Corp, Cinnaminson, NJ, such as ANCORSTEEL 30HP, ANCORSTEEL 50HP, ANCORSTEEL 85HP, ANCORSTEEL 150HP, ANCORSTEEL 463, ANCORSTEEL 20003, ANCORSTEEL 20003, ANCORSTEEL 721 SH, ANCORSTEEL 737 SH, ANCORSTEEL FD-4600, and ANCORSTEEL FD-4800A.
    [31] A further example of yam-based powders are diffusion-bonded iron-based powders which are particles of substantially pure yam having a layer or a coating of one or more other metals, such as steel-producing substances, diffused on the outer surfaces. Such commercially available powders that can be used to prepare the metallurgical powder compositions of the invention include DISTALOY 4600A diffusion bound powder from Hoeganaes Corporation, which contains about 1.8% nickel, about 0.55% molybdenum, and about 1.6% copper, and DISTALOY 4800A diffusion-bound powder from Hoeganaes Corporation, which contains about 4.05% nickel, about 0.55% molybdenum, and about 1.6% copper.
    [32] In preferred embodiments of the invention, the jam-based metallurgical powder composition is substantially free of vanadium. That is to say, vanadium is mixed into the final composition only by the additives described herein.
    [33] It is preferred that the metallurgical powder compositions of the invention include other substances of jam and vanadium, and, where appropriate, silicon. Preferred substances include molybdenum, nickel, carbon (graphite), copper, and variations (Wray. These substances may be present in the metallurgical compositions of the invention in any form as described above. For example, these substances may be present in the metallurgical compositions). These substances can also be pre-alloyed with the jam-based powder compositions of the invention or Rims into the composition by being included in the vanadium-containing pre-alloying additive.
    [34] As described above, metallurgical powder compositions of the invention may comprise molybdenum. Metallurgical powder compositions of the invention preferably comprise about 0.05% to about 2.0% molybdenum, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition. In other embodiments, the metallurgical powder compositions of the invention comprise about 0.05% to about 1.0% molybdenum, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition. Other embodiments of the invention comprise about 0.05% to about 0.35% molybdenum, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition. Preferred embodiments comprise about 0.25% to about 0.35% molybdenum, based on the weight of the composition. In other embodiments, the metallurgical powder compositions comprise about 0.3% to 1.5% molybdenum, based on the weight of the composition. In preferred embodiments, the metallurgical powder compositions comprise about 0.3% to 1.0% molybdenum, based on the weight of the composition. Particularly preferred embodiments comprise about 0.35%, about 0.55%, about 0.85%, or about 1.5% molybdenum, based on the weight of the composition.
    [35] As described above, preferred metallurgical powder compositions of the invention may include carbon, also called graphite. Metallurgical powder compositions of the invention preferably comprise 0.05% up to about 2.0% graphite, based on the weight of the composition. Some embodiments include 0.05 to about 1.5% graphite, based on the weight of the composition. Other embodiments include 0.05 to about 1.0% graphite, based on the weight of the composition. Still other embodiments include about 0.7% graphite, based on the weight of the composition.
    [36] As described above, preferred metallurgical powder compositions of the invention may comprise nickel. Preferably, metallurgical powder compositions of the invention comprise about 0.1% to about 2.0% nickel, based on the weight of the composition. Compositions include about 2.0% nickel, based on the weight of the composition. Other embodiments include about 0.2% to about 1.85% nickel, based on the weight of the composition. Some embodiments include about 0.25%, about 0.5%, about 1.4%, or about 1.8% nickel, based on the weight of the composition.
    [37] As described above, other preferred metallurgical powder compositions of the invention may include copper. Metallurgical powder compositions of the invention preferably comprise up to about 3.0% copper, based on the weight of the composition. Particularly preferred are compositions comprising a 2.0% copper, based on the weight of the composition.
    [38] Metallurgical powder compositions of the invention may also include lubricants, the presence of which reduces the ejection forces required to repel the compacted components from the cavity of the package. , polyethylene wax, and polyolefins, and mixtures of these types of lubricants. Other lubricants include those containing a polyether compound as described in U.S. Pat. U.S. Patent 5,498,276 to Luk, and those useful at higher packing temperatures described in U.S. Pat. patent no. 5,368,630 to Luk, in addition to those described in U.S. Pat. patent no. No. 5,330,792 to Johnson et al., Each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 8 537 893
    [39] Metallurgical powder compositions according to the invention may also contain binders, in particular when the iron-based powder comprises alloying elements in a separate powder form. Binders that can be used in the present invention are those commonly used by the powder metallurgical industry. For example, such binders include those found in U.S. Pat. pat. no. 4,834,800 to Semel, U.S. Pat. pat. no. No. 4,483,905 to Engstrom, U.S. Pat. patent no. No. 5,298,055 to Semel et al., And U.S. Pat. patent no. 5,368,630 to Luke, the disclosures of each of which are hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
    [40] The amount of binder present in the metallurgical powder composition depends on such factors as the density, the particle size distribution and the amounts of elemental alloy powder and the base iron powder in the metallurgical powder composition. Generally, the binder is added in an amount of at least about 0.005% by weight, more preferably from about 0.005% to about 1.0% by weight, and most preferably from about 0.05% to about 0.5% by weight, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition. Binders include, for example, polyglycols such as polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol; glycerin; polyvinyl alcohol; homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl acetate; cellulosic esters or ether resins; methacrylate polymers or copolymers; alkyd resins; polyurethane resins; polyester resins; or combinations thereof. Other examples of binders which are useful are those relative to the relatively high molecular weight polyalkylene oxide-based compositions, e.g. the binders described in U.S. Pat. pat. no. No. 5,298,055 to Semel et al. Useful binders also include dibasic organic acid, such as azelaic acid, and one or more polar components such as polyethers (liquid or solid) and acrylic resins as described in U.S. Pat. pat. no. 5,290,336 to Luke, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The binders in the '336 patent to Luk can advantageously also function as a combination of binders and lubricants. Additional useful binders include cellulose ester resins, hydroxyalkylcellulose resins, and thermoplastic phenolic resins, for example, the binders described in U.S. Pat. pat. no. 5,368,630 to Luke.
    [42] The metallurgical powder compositions according to the invention can be compacted, sintered and / or heat-treated according to methods known in the art. For example, the metallurgical powder composition is placed in the cavity of a packing mold and compacted under pressure, such as between about 5 and about 200 tons per square inch (tsi), more usually between about 10 and 100 tsi, and even more commonly between about 30 and 60 tsi. The compacted part is then removed from the hollow of the mold. The mold can be used at ambient temperature or possibly cooled below room temperature or heated above room temperature. The mold can be heated to a height of about 100 ° F, for example to a height of about 120 ° F or as much as 270 ° F, such as from about 150 ° F to about 500 ° F.
    [43] Without wishing to be bound by any particular theory, it is believed that the increased inertia observed in compacted, sintered, heat treated articles of the invention is due to the refined grain size. The refined grain size is also believed to provide better impact properties at these higher half strengths. Due to finer grain size, the formability and impact strength of embodiments of the invention containing vanadium are higher than comparative materials which do not include vanadium, despite having higher half strength.
    [44] Ferro-vanadium (80% vanadium residue _jam, "Fe-V") and 75% Ferro-Silicon ("Fe-Si") are melted with jam in an induction furnace to a nominal composition of 19% kise1-5% vanadium -resten jam. The liquid metal is then atomized with water using high pressure water atomization to form a powder having an average particle size (d50) between about 25 and about 40 micrometers. The powder is dewatered and dried and either ground or then sieved so that the final particle size is about 10 to about 20 micrometers. The oxygen content of the additive is typically below about 0.50%.
    [46] The sintered compacts prepared above were heat treated at 1650 ° F for 1 hour, followed by an oil slack at 400 ° F. The mechanical properties of the resulting heat-treated parts were tested. The results of these tests are shown in Table 2. As shown in Table 2, the addition of vanadium resulted in a significant increase in the heat-treated mechanical ones.
    [47] Figures 1 and 2 show the effect of an Fe-V pre-alloy and an Fe-Si-V pre-alloy on the tensile strength of ANCORSTEEL 30HP + 0.70% by weight of graphite as a function of the sintering temperature. As depicted in Figures 1 and 2, the properties increase with increasing sintering temperature. The sintering temperature was 2300 ° F. 11 537 893
    [48] Figure 3 shows that the sintered stretch limit of embodiments according to the invention increases as a function of vanadium content. The connecting lines between the 30HP + FeV curve and the ANCORSTEEL molybdenum grade indicate that the addition of 0.16% vanadium to 30HP has a yield strength corresponding to approximately 1.3% by weight of molybdenum. Similarly, the yield strength of 30HP + Fe-Si-V (nominal 0.30 wt% Mo-0.60 wt% Si and 0.08 wt% vanadium) corresponds to the yield strength of ANCORSTEEL 150HP. An addition of 3.5% by weight of the Fe-Si-V addition to 30HP (nominal 0.30% by weight Mo-0.60% by weight Si and 0.16% by weight vanadium) leads to an overall stretch limit of ANCORSTEEL 150HP (84 ksi versus 71 ksi) in the sintered state.
    [49] Each of the above mixtures was prepared and compacted (50 tsi) according to industry standards. The compacts were then sintered at about 2300 ° F and the mechanical properties of the resulting sintered parts were tested. The results of these tests are shown in Table 3. As can be seen from the table, there was an increase in both the sintered hall strength and the hardness of the embodiments comprising vanadium.
    [50] The sintered compacts prepared above were heat treated at 1650 ° F for 1 hour followed by an oil slack at 400 ° F. The mechanical properties of the resulting heat-treated parts were tested. The results of these tests are shown in Table 4. As shown in Table 12,537,893, there was an increase in both hall strength and hardness, along with a fling of formability and impact energy in the embodiments comprising vanadium.
    [51] Figure 4 shows the heat-treated tensile strength versus nickel content in embodiments of the invention versus ANCORSTEEL 1000B with Fe-V and Fe-Si-V pre-alloy additives, both of which are substantially free of nickel. As can be seen from Figure 4, the addition of the Fe-V pre-alloy corresponds to an addition of about 0.8% by weight of nickel, while the addition of the Fe-Si-V pre-alloy gives a heat-treated tensile strength which exceeds that of 2% by weight of nickel.
    [52] Each of the above mixtures was prepared and compacted (50 tsi) according to industry standards. The compacts were then sintered at about 2300 ° F and the mechanical properties of the resulting sintered parts were tested. The results of these tests are shown in Table 5. As can be seen from the table, the addition of vanadium resulted in increased half-strength and hardness.
    [53] The sintered compacts as prepared above were heat treated at 1650 ° F for 1 hour, followed by an oil slack at 400 ° F. The mechanical properties of the resulting heat-treated parts were tested. The results of these tests are shown in Table 6.
    [54] Figure 5 shows a comparison of the tensile strength (heat treated) of ANCORSTEEL 30HP and ANCORSTEEL 30HP with Fe-Si-V alloying additive versus carbon content. As shown in Figure 5, the formability of ANCORSTEEL 30HP without addition is continuously reduced by carbon content. Tensile strength begins to decrease Over about 1.1% by weight of carbon. When Fe-Si-V alloy has been added, the elongation remains relatively constant while the tensile strength continues to increase above 1.1% by weight of carbon.
    [55] Each of the above mixtures was prepared and compacted (50 tsi) according to industry standards. The compacts were then sintered at about 2300 ° F and the mechanical properties of the resulting sintered parts were tested. The results of these tests are shown in Table 7.
    [56] The sintered compacts as prepared above were heat treated at 1650 ° F for 1 hour, followed by an oil slack at 400 ° F. The mechanical properties of the resulting heat-treated parts were tested. The results of these tests are shown in Table 8.
    [57] A hardenability study is challenged in which a standard storage metal lump was austenitized at 1650 ° F and oil lacquered according to methods known in the art. Readings of the microhardness were made through the thickness of the storage metal lump to simulate a jominy hardness test. The results of these tests are shown in Figure 6.
    [58] In Figure 6, the hardenability of different ANCORSTEEL Mo grades (30HP, 50HP and 85HP, each with 0.4 wt% graphite) was compared with an ANCORSTEEL 30HP with 0.16 wt% vanadium (added by an Fe-V alloy ). As shown in Figure 6, 537,893 the hardness of ANCORSTEEL 30HP exceeds that of vanadium of ANCORSTEEL 30HP. In addition, ANCORSTEEL 30HP with vanadium is equal to, or better than, ANCORSTEEL 50HP. ANCORSTEEL 85HP with 0.4% by weight graphite hardened to a depth of 0.25 inches.
    [59] Metallographic results of the Fe-V alloying additive in sintered ANCORSTEEL 30HP are shown in Figures 7A and 7B. As shown in Figures 7A and 7B, the addition of vanadium results in a more discrete perlite structure. The division of the perlite is also finer with the addition of vanadium. Hade these factors are believed to contribute to the increase in the strength of the sintered state.
    [60] Figures 8A and 8B show that the martensite needles in the heat treated state are much finer in the material with vanadium (added by Fe-V pre-alloy), indicating a finer austenite grain size for hardening. The finer grain size is believed to lead to higher tensile strengths with better formability and impact energy, as shown by the previous examples. 16
    权利要求:
    Claims (22)
    [1]
    A metallurgical powder composition comprising: at least 90% iron-based metallurgical powder, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition; and at least one addition which is a pre-alloy comprising jam, silicon and vanadium; van in the total vanadium content of the composition is about 0.05% to about 1.0% by weight of the composition; and van the additive comprises about 3% to about 10.5% vanadium, based on the weight of the additive, and about 17% to about 30% silicon, based on the weight of the additive.
    [2]
    A metallurgical powder composition comprising: at least 90% iron-based metallurgical powder, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition; and at least one additive which is a pre-alloy comprising vanadium and jam, the additive comprising at least about 75% vanadium, based on the weight of the additive; in the total vanadium content of the composition is from about 0.05% to about 1.0% by weight of the composition.
    [3]
    The metallurgical powder composition according to claim 2, van the additive comprises about 78-80% vanadium, based on the weight of the additive.
    [4]
    The metallurgical powder composition of claim 1, the weight of the additive comprises about 3% to about 7% vanadium, based on the weight of the additive, and about 17% to about 21% silicon, based on the weight of the additive.
    [5]
    A metallurgical powder composition according to any one of the preceding claims of the additive comprising less than about 0.50% oxygen, based on the weight of the additive.
    [6]
    A metallurgical powder composition according to any one of the preceding claims, used in the metallurgical powder composition comprising about 0.2% to about 5% additive, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition. 17 537 893
    [7]
    The metallurgical powder composition according to claim 6, used in the metallurgical powder composition comprises about 3.5% addition, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition.
    [8]
    Metallurgical powder composition according to any one of the preceding claims, used in the additive having an average particle size (d50) of about 10 to 20 micrometers.
    [9]
    The metallurgical powder composition according to any one of the preceding claims, used in the metallurgical powder composition further comprising from about 0.05% to about 2.0% by weight of molybdenum, frail about 0.1% by weight to about 2.0% by weight of nickel, frail about 0.05 wt% to about 2.0 wt% graphite, or up to about 3.0 wt% copper, or a combination thereof.
    [10]
    A metallurgical powder composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the metallurgical powder composition comprises about 0.05% to about 2.0% by weight of molybdenum, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition.
    [11]
    The metallurgical powder composition of claim 10, wherein the metallurgical powder composition comprises about 0.05% to about 1% by weight of molybdenum, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition.
    [12]
    The metallurgical powder composition of claim 11, wherein the metallurgical powder composition comprises about 0.05% to about 0.35% by weight of molybdenum, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition.
    [13]
    The metallurgical powder composition of claim 12, wherein the metallurgical powder composition comprises about 0.25% to about 0.35% by weight of molybdenum, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition.
    [14]
    A metallurgical powder composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, used in the metallurgical powder composition comprising about 0.1% to about 2.0% by weight of nickel, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition.
    [15]
    A metallurgical powder composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, used in the metallurgical powder composition comprising about 0.05% to about 2.0% by weight of graphite, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition. 18 537 893
    [16]
    The metallurgical powder composition of claim 15, wherein the metallurgical powder composition comprises about 0.7% by weight of graphite, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition.
    [17]
    A metallurgical powder composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, used in the metallurgical powder composition comprising up to about 3.0% by weight of copper, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition.
    [18]
    The metallurgical powder composition of claim 17, used in the metallurgical powder composition comprising about 2.0% by weight of copper, based on the weight of the metallurgical powder composition.
    [19]
    Metallurgical powder composition according to any one of the preceding claims, used in the iron-based metallurgical powder being a pre-alloy.
    [20]
    A metallurgical powder composition according to any one of the preceding claims, the vane in the iron-based metallurgical powder is substantially free of vanadium.
    [21]
    Metallurgical powder composition according to any one of the preceding claims, used in the total vanadium content of the metallurgical powder composition coming from it at least one additive.
    [22]
    A metallurgical powder composition according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a lubricant.
    A metallurgical powder composition according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a binder.
    A compacted part comprising the metallurgical powder composition according to any one of the preceding claims.
    A compacted part according to claim 24, the vane of the part is sintered. 19 537 893
    A process for the preparation of a metallurgical powder composition according to claim 1 or claim 2 which comprises combining a jam-based metallurgical powder with an additive which is a pre-alloy comprising vanadium.
    The method of claim 26, further comprising the jam, silicon, or a combination ddrav.
    An additive for powder metallurgical applications which is a pre-alloy, the additive comprising jam, silicon and vanadium, the additive used comprising about 3% to about 10.5% vanadium, based on the weight of the additive, and about 17% to about 30% silicon. , based on the weight of the additive.
    Additive according to claim 28, van the additive consists of jdm, silicon and vanadium.
    A metallurgical powder composition according to any one of the preceding claims, used in the additive further comprising at least one or more of chromium, nickel, manganese, copper, boron and nitrogen.
    Metallurgical powder composition according to any one of the preceding claims, used in the additive not comprising carbon.
    A metallurgical powder composition according to any one of the preceding claims, used in the additive further comprising nitrogen and not comprising carbon. 537 893 1/8 110 - 100 90 as 30HP Fev oas80 01 70 A = 3 ksi A 10 ksi A = 5 ksi 60 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250 2300 23 Sintering temperature (° F) FIGURE 1 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250 2300 Sintering temperature ( ° F) FIGURE 2 23 537 893 2/8 1 60 100 70 537 893 3/8 Vanadium content I 30HP base Ti u.iu.s
    0. 40. 85 80 75 70 6 60 30H P + X wt% Vanadium (SW = 0.65% Si) + 0.7% Graphite 30H P + X wt% Vanadine (FeV) + 0.7% Graphite ANCORSTEEL Mo Kva: teter + 03 vilef% (3refiit 0, t22. Alt0 V, X. ,, Pcnttzs. ,, sk.,. ;;; ,,, i-0 / kx.: 61§ „t": N6. ■ : ta • k .: 4: 6; hs FIGURE 3,537,893 4/8 8 Tensile strength (k A1000: 3 $ 0 $ wt% Graphite + 3.5 SiV 80 A1000B + 0.7 wt% Graphite + X wt% Ni 7 A1000B +0.7 wt% Graphite 70 + 0.2 FeV 6 60 •
    0. 11.22. Nickel (wt%) FIGURE 4,537,893 5/8
    1. UTS 30HP -9— UTS 30HP SiV ff Tojning 30HP A To; n ng 30HP + SiV
    0. 60.70.80.911.1 Col (%) 0,
    1. 31.4 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1,
    1. 2 60 Tensile strength 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 FIGURE 537 893 6/8 Microhardness of Moly grades (0.4% Graphite) Microhardness 700 600 500 400 I • 300 200 100 0, in 85HP
    1.. I '' '• • I: II! IN
    2. I • 'I.
    3. I! ...., =, I, a.t
    4.:% iy IlkO.Sli 30HP + 0 6 weight% eaA f 50HP% ink k • s 30HP
    0. 00.10.0.20.0.3 Distance FIGURE 6 7/8 537 893 8/8 FIGURE 8B 537 893
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CA2832433C|2018-10-23|
    US10351938B2|2019-07-16|
    US9340855B2|2016-05-17|
    BR112013025725B1|2019-09-03|
    US20120255398A1|2012-10-11|
    SE1351156A1|2013-10-02|
    CA2832433A1|2012-10-11|
    CN103459632A|2013-12-18|
    BR112013025725A2|2016-12-13|
    US20160215374A1|2016-07-28|
    WO2012138527A1|2012-10-11|
    CN103459632B|2017-05-31|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201161472262P| true| 2011-04-06|2011-04-06|
    PCT/US2012/031068|WO2012138527A1|2011-04-06|2012-03-29|Vanadium-containing powder metallurgical powders and methods of their use|
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